Is Rain Water Clean and Safe to Drink

Have you ever wondered whether or not its safe to drink rainwater? The short answer is: sometimes. Heres a look at when its not safe to drink rainwater, when you can drink it, and what you can do to make it safer for human consumption. Key Takeaways: Can You Drink Rain? Most rain is perfectly safe to drink and may be even cleaner than the public water supply.Rainwater is only as clean as its container.Only rain that has fallen directly from the sky should be collected for drinking. It should not have touched plants or buildings.Boiling and filtering rainwater will make it even safer to drink. When You Shouldnt Drink Rain Water Rain passes through the atmosphere before falling to the ground, so it can pick up any contaminants in the air. You dont want to drink rain from hot radioactive sites, like Chernobyl or around Fukushima. Its not a great idea to drink rainwater falling near chemical plants or near the plumes of power plants, paper mills, etc. Dont drink rainwater that has run off of plants or buildings because you could pick up toxic chemicals from these surfaces. Similarly, dont collect rainwater from puddles or into dirty containers. Rain Water That Is Safe for Drinking Most rainwater is safe to drink. Actually, rainwater is the water supply for much of the worlds population.  The levels of pollution, pollen, mold, and other contaminants are low — possibly lower than your public drinking water supply. Keep in mind, rain does pick up low levels of bacteria as well as dust and occasional insect parts, so you may want to treat rainwater before drinking it. Making Rain Water Safer Two key steps you can take to improve the quality of rainwater are to boil it and filter it. Boiling the water will kill off pathogens. Filtration, such as through a home water filtration pitcher, will remove chemicals, dust, pollen, mold, and other contaminants. The other important consideration is how you collect rainwater. You can collect rainwater directly from the sky into a clean bucket or bowl. Ideally, use a disinfected  container or one that was run through a dishwasher. Let the rain water sit for at least an hour so heavy particulates can settle to the bottom. Alternatively, you can run the water through a coffee filter to remove debris.  Although it isnt necessary, refrigerating the rainwater will retard the growth of most microorganisms it could contain. What About Acid Rain? Most rainwater is naturally acidic, with an average pH of around 5.6, from the interaction between water and carbon dioxide in the air. This is not dangerous. In fact, drinking water rarely has a neutral pH because it contains dissolved minerals. Approved public water could be acidic, neutral, or basic, depending on the source of the water. To put the pH into perspective, coffee made with neutral water has a pH around 5. Orange juice has a pH closer to 4. The truly acidic rain that you would avoid drinking might fall around an active volcano. Otherwise, acid rain isnt a serious consideration. Sources Joan D. Willey; Bennett; Williams; Denne; Kornegay; Perlotto; Moore (January 1988). Effect of storm type on rainwater composition in southeastern North Carolina. Environmental Science Technology. 22 (1): 41–46. doi:10.1021/es00166a003Joan D. Willey; Kieber; Avery (2006-08-19). Changing Chemical Composition of Precipitation in Wilmington, North Carolina, U.S.A.: Implications for the Continental U.S.A. Environmental Science Technology. 40 (18): 5675–5680. doi:10.1021/es060638wS. I. Efe; F. E. Ogban; M. J. Horsfall; E. E. Akporhonor (2005). Seasonal Variations of Physico-chemical Characteristics in Water Resources Quality in Western Niger Delta Region, Nigeria (PDF). Journal of Applied Scientific Environmental Management. 9 (1): 191–195.

Informative Serial Killers Essay - 812 Words

Informative Speech Serial Killers Specific Purpose: I want to inform my audience about serial killers, the type of person that commits these horrendous crimes. Introduction 1. Attention-getting remarks: What would you do as a young, cute college girl at the grocery store saw a clean cut nice looking man with a cast on his arm struggling with his groceries, he ask you for your help. Would you help him? Ted Bundy one of the most infamous serial killers of our time would put a fake cast on his arm, and ask his intended victim for help carrying his groceries to his car once there the would hit them with a tire iron. Take them and rape and beat them to death with the tire iron. 2. Need for listening: Serial killers come in†¦show more content†¦3. Typical characteristics of a serial killer a. Bright to high IQ b. Trouble staying employed, menial jobs c. Abandoned by fathers at early age raised by domineering mothers. d. History of psychological problems within the family e. Criminal or alcohol abuse in family. f. Often abused by a family member, sexually mentally and physically. g. More than 60% wet their beds beyond age 12. h. They were frequent ly bullied as a child i. Involved in sadistic activity and torturing animals j. Fascinated by setting fires 4. Serial killers also show signs of a psychopath though this is not always the case. Psychopaths lack empathy and guilt, are egocentric and impulsive and don’t conform to social, moral, or legal norms. Psychopaths have a distinct set of rules for themselves. They appear normal and are often very charming and charismatic. 5. Angels of mercy medical professionals will kill their patients for financial gain, or just because they can, or they feel like they are helping their patients by getting rid of the pain or sickness. 6. Female serial killers are rare, they tend to kill for financial gain and need to have an emotional connection to their victim. 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Personal Financial Plan Free Essays

Personal Financial Plan Part 5 Sheri Mulder Personal Finance Age 30 Establish good credit and avoid excessive debt Invest aggressively for retirement Buy a first home and build equity Make a will and health directives Age 30-45 Create an estate plan. Buy adequate life and disability insurance. Keep investing as much as possible. We will write a custom essay sample on Personal Financial Plan or any similar topic only for you Order Now Save for children’s college. Age 45-65 Leverage peak earning years to build financial security. Shift retirement savings as necessary. Review estate plans regularly as assets grow and to reflect changing life circumstances. Age 65 and beyond Appropriately rebalance assets to manage risk. Take action to minimize estate taxes and facilitate wealth transfer to descendants. Make sure health insurance is adequate. What was used to help establish the personal financial plan was a website that had an example of a financial plan considering life-stage changes. The example was helpful because it showed different ages of an individual’s life and what should be done during those stages. The example was helpful to use because the example is very similar to the situation and life style changes that are becoming an issue. The financial resources that would be used to help make financial decisions would be to get a loan from the bank for a mortgage. Taking out a bank loan would only be used if there was a large amount of money needed and there was not enough saved up to use. It is important to have a nest egg to fall back on in case of emergencies so an individual does not have to use financial resources to get him or her out an emergency situation. Short-Term Goals Finishing college Increasing savings account Purchasing a new vehicle Reducing high interest debt Buy life insurance Make plans for retirement Intermediate-Term Goals Paying off expensive debt Creating an emergency fund to cover 12 months of expenses Buying a new car Taking special vacation Long-Term Goals Own a home free of mortgage payments Own a vacation home in the mountains somewhere remote Accumulate enough funds to not have to work, but maybe something part time in case I get bored My personal risk tolerance is very conservative at this current moment of life. Although my time horizon has many years to invest, right now the asset level is not high enough to have very much left to invest. My risk olerance is also conservative because of lack of experience and knowledge of investing. In the future when there is a higher asset level, there could be a possibility of hiring a professional to help with an investment. My time horizon impacts my financial plan because of how many years that there is left before retirement. The number of years that an individual has before retirement is important to determine how to invest an d save money. By the time of graduation, there should be close to forty years to take on risky investments. There will also be forty years to load a portfolio with bonds and cash. Cash Flow Statement Cash from gross wages |43220 | |Cash paid for: | | |Income taxes and deductions |-8164 | |Mortgage |-7617 | |Food |-9600 | |Car expenses |-7000 | |Clothing |-1800 | |Cell phone |-1560 | |Internet and cable TV |-1272 | Balance Sheet |Assets Liabilities | |Car $6,183|Student Loan $10,000 | |Savings $600 | | |Total $6,783|Total $10,000 | | |Net Worth ($3,217) | Personal Monthly Budget |Projected Monthly Income |$1,667. 28 | |Actual Monthly Income |$2,684. 00 | Housing |Housing |Projected Cost |Actual |Difference | |Mortgage |$934. 72 |$934. 2 |0 | |Phone |$130. 00 |$159. 00 |-29 | |Electric |$212. 00 |$212. 00 |0 | |Cable |$84. 00 |$84. 00 |0 | Start saving, keep saving, and stick to your goals Contribute to your employer’s retirement savings plan Learn about your e mployer’s pension plan Don’t touch your retirement savings Ask your employer to start a plan Put money into an Individual Retirement Account Find out about your Social Security benefits Time value of money impacts this part of the plan because the longer money is saved, the more it will be worth when an individual retires. When you save or invest money, it will be worth more because it will gain interest by investing it. The earlier a person invests or saves money, the longer that the amount of money has time to gain interest and increase in value. Works Cited https://ww3. janus. com/Janus/Retail/StaticPage? jsp=jsp/Common/JanusReportHTML. jspassetname=JanusReportThroughYears ———————– | | How to cite Personal Financial Plan, Papers